2023 – 2024 Cognitive Class – Building Cloud Native and Multicloud Applications Answers
Module 1: Cloud Native and Multicloud Concepts and Goals Answers
Practice Quiz
1. Cloud Native applications are deployable on which cloud environments?
- hybrid
- public
- private
- All of the above
2. Which use case is not suitable for a cloud native application?
- applications for system administrators
- applications for regulated industries
- applications with high workloads
- applications with aperiodic workloads
- None of the above
3. What does CI stand for?
- Cloud Infrastructure
- Continuous Invention
- Continuous Integration
- Cloud Integration
4. What are the primary goals of Cloud Native operability?
- transparency, regular updates, consistency
- reliability, regular upgrades, consistency
- reliability, update-in-place, consistency
- transparency, update-in-place, standard logging
5. What is the best description of DevSecOps?
- Training DevOps teams to be aware of common security holes
- Embedding security experts within development and operations teams
- DevOps but with an additional focus on observability for security and compliance
- Adding security scanning tools to developer and operations processes
Graded Quiz
1. Which is not a characteristic of Cloud Native?
- resiliency
- agility
- dedicated
- observability
2. Which is an ultimate goal of Cloud Native application design?
- horizontally scale across cloud boundaries
- vertically scale to take advantage of improved CPU, memory and disk resources
- seamlessly build, orchestrate and run highly scalable applications
- scale on-demand to meet customer needs
- All of the above
3. What does CD stand for?
- Continuous Development and Delivery
- Cloud Development and Delivery
- Continuous Delivery and Deployment
- Cloud Delivery and Deployment
4. Which simple definition below best describes DevOps?
- Assuring Dev and Ops teams have tooling to communicate properly
- Bringing Dev and Ops teams together to diagnose problems in production
- Bringing Dev and Ops teams together to increase application operability and end-to-end agility
- Assuring Dev and Ops teams have the same access controls on target environments
5. Which is goal of Cloud Native Observability?
- Increase time-to-failure
- Optimize continuous automation
- Optimize Resources and Costs
- Increase provisioning agility
Module 2: Migrating Apps to Advantage Cloud Infrastructure Answers
Practice Quiz
1. What is not a consideration when adopting a Cloud Native approach for software development?
- Choosing the correct programming language
- Changing corporate culture to accept agile methods
- Education and training on cloud native technology and tooling
- Adopting agile methodology for all processes
2. Which application modernization path leverages cloud-native Containers and Container technologies?
- Infrastructural Path
- Delivery Path
- Architectural Path
- None of the above
- All of the above
3. What is the name for the process used to migrate applications to cloud using virtualization technologies?
- “Package and Shift”
- “Upload and Shift”
- “Lift and Shift”
- “Refactor and relocate”
4. Which are use cases for Cloud data migration?
- Backup and Disaster recovery
- Simplified provisioning
- High Availability
- Access dynamic storage infrastructure
- All of the above
5. What considerations impact data migration decision? Check all that apply.
- Data maturity
- Type of workload
- Timeframe
- Security and Compliance
Graded Quiz
1. Which is not a use case for developing Cloud Native applications?
- Optimize for server hardware
- Polyglot programming
- Flexible feature integration
- Efficient resource scaling
2. Which application modernization path leverages microservices?
- Infrastructural Path
- Architectural Path
- Delivery Path
- None of the above
- All of the above
3. When building applications as a Container you start with what artifact?
- An “operating system image”
- A “multi-layered image”
- A “base image”
- A “cloud native image”
- All of the above
4. Which statement is true for Container images?
- New layers are automatically flattened
- Developers must add their own runtimes
- Base layers can be patched as needed
- Container images contain hardware virtualization support
- None of the above
- All of the above
5. Which options below are best practices for data migration? Check all that apply.
- Only use dedicated networks
- Verify transfer impacts on business correct
- Transfer mission-critical data in stages correct
- Test for data integrity at intervals correct
Module 3: Modernizing Applications to be CN Answers
Practice Quiz
1. Which of the following are key development principles for modernization? Check all that apply.
- Use modern programming languages
- Use Scrum
- Rely upon Containers
- Use Microservice Architecture
- All the above
2. What is the name of Red Hat’s Container Platform Built on Kubernetes?
- Mesosphere
- OpenWhisk
- OpenShift
- Borg
- OpenStack
3. Which of the following is a Methodology in the IBM Garage Method?
- Co-Create
- Co-Execute
- Co-Operate
- All of the above
4. This is a popular pattern for deconstructing monoliths:
- Slicing
- Stripping
- Microservice
- REST
- Strangler
5. What are the strategies used in the “Strangler” pattern
- Function interception
- Event interception
- Asset Capture
- Asset refactoring
- All of the above
Graded Quiz
1 The Event Interception strategy primarily relies upon?
- “Intercepting” user invocations of APIs
- “Tapping” into events at the data services layer
- “Intercepting” function calls within the application
- “Capturing” events initiated by functions
- None of the above
2. This is a popular containerization tool:
- WebSphere
- MicroProfile
- git
- Docker
- Jenkins
3. In the IBM Garage Method “Envision” is trying to achieve:
- Consistent performance and SLAs are met
- Better understand the business domain
- Discover new business opportunities
- Create diverse teams and empower them to make decisions
- Creation of a reliable and repeatable approach for delivering high priority items to customers
4. Which is are the functional problem with a monolithic application architecture? Check all that apply.
- Low learning curves
- High scalability
- Low Cohesion, high coupling
- High cohesion, low coupling
- unanswered
- All the above
5. What is the name of the dashboard controlling an OpenShift cluster?
- Advanced Web Console
- WebSphere
- Kubernetes
- Helm
- Docker
Module 4: Applying CI/CD to CN applications Answers
Practice Quiz
1. What does the “I” in CI stand for?
- Initialize
- Induction
- Interface
- Instance
- Integration
2. Which is a type of automated test?
- Performance test
- Integration test
- Behavior test
- Unit test
- All the Above
3. This CI/CD Framework is Built on top of and runs on Kubernetes?
- TeamCity
- TravisCI
- Tekton
- Concourse
- CircleCI
4. CI/CD helps organizations succeed by?
- Increasing the number of people involved in the release process
- Requiring manager sign-off on all changes
- Requiring developers to learn new tools
- Increasing the time between releases
- Reducing time and effort involved in releases
5. Manual deployments are risky because?
- Manual deployments aren’t risky
- It can be difficult to track who changed what
- There may not be clean rollback or rollforward steps
- Humans may perform task incorrectly
- All the above
Graded Quiz
1. Which is a benefit of a CI/CD process?
- Cheaper
- Auditable
- Faster
- Repeatable
- All the Above
2. GitOps is a type of Immutable Infrastructure Practice?
- True
- False
3. In Tekton what resource maps fields from an event message?
- TriggerBinding
- ServiceAccount
- Pipeline
- EventListener
- Task
4. A CI/CD process of starts when?
- After the daily stand-up
- When a support ticket is created
- When QA has completed their manual testing script
- When a developer pushes code to a repo
- A manager gives sign-off
5. Merging code into the main or production branch would happen during this phase:
- Continuous Deployment
- Continuous Delivery
- Continuous Integration
- Continuous Iteration
Module 5: Managing Applications in Multicloud Deployments Answers
1. This Cloud Pak can help organizations operate in a multicloud environment?
- Application
- Integration
- Data
- Security
- Multi-Cloud Manager
2. What is a reason an organization might adopt a hybrid-cloud architecture?
- Cost controls
- System design requirements
- Regulatory requirements
- Migrating to the public cloud from legacy hosting
- All the above
3. The name of the user interface used to run and administer an OpenShift cluster?
- Advanced Web Console
- Tekton
- Jenkins X
- Aspera
- Docker
4. A Hybrid-Cloud architecture can help improve embedded and mobile applications and services by?
- Reduce user errors
- Allow for containerized deployments
- Improve the User Interface
- Simplify deployment
- Allow local resources with limited capacity offload compute to cloud resources
5. A hybrid-cloud architecture might include running workloads on a public cloud platform and?
- Private cloud running in on a public cloud platform
- Workloads running on embedded devices like cars and industrial equipment
- Traditional architecture like application servers
- Private cloud running on-premise
- All the above
Graded Quiz
1. OpenShift helps organizations operate in a multicloud environment by?
- Relaxing security barriers
- Limiting the tools available to developers and operators
- Providing a consistent dashboard and operating environment
- Adding an additional layer of complexity
2. How does a Multi-Cloud Architecture improve an organization’s resiliency?
- Providing failover if a cloud provider experiences an outage
- Speed delivery to market
- Allow workloads to be run on client systems
- Give organization’s leverage during contract negotiations
- Reducing operational expenses
3. Multi-Cloud Manager Uses these tools to handle the automated provisioning of cloud resources?
- COBOL, Bash, and vim
- Jenkins and C++
- Kubernetes, and Docker
- Advanced Cloud Manager, Ansible Tower, and Terraform
- Java, Docker, and Jenkins
4. An organization might adopt a multi-cloud strategy for the following reason?
- Leverage unique cloud platform advantages
- Improved Multi-Region support
- Cost Savings
- Scale and Resiliency benefits
- All the Above
5. Multi-Cloud Manager Cloud Pak comes with the capability of monitoring costs and resource usages across cloud platforms?
- True
- False
Building Cloud Native and Multicloud Applications Final Exam Answers
1. What is not a goal of Cloud Native?
- exploit cloud orchestration and scheduling
- leverage cloud provider platform training
- exploit cloud resources and services
- leverage cloud native technologies
2. Cloud Native applications can take advantage of cloud provider’s…?
- application data services
- orchestration and scheduling services
- application platform services
- converged infrastructure resources and services
- All of the above
3. What phases of the Software Development Lifecycle does Cloud Native agility focus on?
- Idea
- Build
- Deploy
- Code
- All of the above
4. Using scripts and declarative configuration, that are managed using CI processes, to automate the provisioning and deployment of code is called?
- Cloud Native Infrastructure
- Configuration-as-Code
- Infrastructure-as-Code
- Cloud Declarative Provisioning
5. Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) practices suggests the creation of what teams separate from product delivery teams?
- DevSecOps teams
- Security teams
- Reliability teams
- Resiliency teams
6. Which application modernization path utilizes automated CI/CD pipelines?
- Infrastructural Path
- Delivery Path
- Architectural Path
- None of the above
- All of the above
7. Virtual Machine (VM) image sizes are typically measured in what units?
- Megabytes
- Gigabits
- Gigabytes
- Megabits
- All of the above
8. Why are Virtual Machine (VM) images so large compared to Containers?
- VMs cannot be compressed or flattened
- VMs must include a hypervisor
- VMs must include a full “guest” Operating System
- VMs must always contain a backup snapshot
- All of the above
9. Which popular Linux operating system distribution is also available as a base container image?
- Ubuntu
- Red Hat
- Suse
- All of the above
10. Which of the following is a law or regulation designed to protect a user’s Personal Identifying Information (PII)? Check all that apply.
- United States Cloud Privacy Regulation (USCPR)
- European Union Privacy Law 2019 (EUPL2019)
- General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
- ISO/IEC 27017
11. What are the functional characteristics of a Microservice architecture? Check all that apply.
- Highly scalable
- Independent, single purpose services
- Agile delivery of features
- High cohesion, low coupling
- All the above
12. What is a best practice when using the Strangler pattern?
- Assume reason for complexity
- Start with “low hanging fruit”
- Continue to add new features to legacy app during process
- Only partially migrate
- Carry over technical debt from existing monolith
13. Containers help ease deployments by:
- Adding significant overhead when running an application
- Having long startup times
- Requiring complex setup when deploying an applications
- Being difficult to share
- Packaging all an application’s runtime dependencies
14. The following is a Cloud Pak offered by IBM:
- Security
- Integration
- Data
- Application
- All the above
15. After being built container images are stored in a:
- Floppy Disk
- Microservice
- Database
- Container Image Repository
16. Which of the following is NOT part of CI/CD?
- Continuous Integration
- Continuous Delivery
- Continuous Design
- Continuous Deployment
17. How does defining a CI/CD process in code improve observability?
- An automated CI/CD process is slower than a manual one
- Code must be compiled before it can run
- An automated CI/CD process is faster than a manual one
- Code can be reviewed independent of execution
18. Which of the following steps occur in Continuous Integration?
- Configure environment
- Create a release tag
- Run automated tests
- Deploy to stage
- Deploy to Production
19. This tool can be used to define a GitOps process:
- ArgoCD
- Knative
- Docker
- Kubernetes
- Tomcat
20. What does a unit test validate?
- A system can process a transaction
- An application can communicate with external systems
- An application’s internal behavior
- An application meets visual criteria
- An application is meeting performance requirements
21. This tool in OpenShift allows additional features and functionality to be added to an OpenShift cluster?
- Kubernetes
- IBM Garage
- Operator Hub
- Aspera
- Data Cloud Pak
22. Organizations can combine Hybrid-Cloud and Multi-Cloud architecture?
- True
- False
23. Regulatory requirements around data storing and processing often concern?
- Who has access to the data
- Where data is processed
- The type of data stored (e.g. personally identifiable data)
- Where data is stored
- All the above
24. How can a Multicloud or Hybrid-Cloud architecture help an organization meet regulatory requirements?
- Improve resiliency and scale capabilities
- Improve response time for users
- Provide greater observability
- Allow data to be stored and processed in a specific jurisdiction or geographical region
- All the Above
25. A multicloud architecture can help an organization save on operational costs by?
- Improve disaster recovery capabilities
- Provide be multi-region support
- Allow for hyper-scaling of infrastructure
- Take advantage of better pricing for certain services or worloads
- All the Above